Brake

ABSTRACT

A brake, comprising a connecting mechanism enables the driving member to bring the driven member into their common movement, a fixed seat having friction surface and a braking part connected on the driven part; said connecting mechanism comprising an acting block and a driving block, the two can match together in relative movement and make relative movement when the driving member acquired active force or lost active force, enables the driven block making relative displacement on the direction of fitting or disengaging movement relative to the driven member, to realize braking or relieve braking for the driven member; said connecting mechanism also comprises a limiting mechanism, used for restricting the distance of relative movement of the acting block and driving block, and when braking or relieving braking has been accomplished, enables them to be in the state of common movement.

[0001] This is a divisional application relatived to a Continued Prosecution Application (CPA) filed in the United States Patent and Trademark Office in Sep. 8, 2000. The latter initially come of PCT application filed Jun. 30, 1995 and its application number is PCT/CN95/00055 and its Title is BRAKE.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The invention relates to a mechanical braking apparatus for use on retarding moving bodies.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Generally brakes, no matter mechanically powered, electromagnetic, or electromagnetic hydraulic devices, all of them require rather complicated, energy consumable power producers. For instance, the present normally closed brake demands additional power producer delivering external force to relieve normally closed braking. Cite the electromagnetic clutched brake for another example, its normally closed state is using spring force for braking in body retardation, when the body has to run or rotate, the electromagnet must be energized to produce electromagnetic force against the spring force to relieve normally closed braking.

[0004] A driven-released brake is disclosed in the patent of United States of American, with the Pat. No. U.S. 2,783,861, wherein the connecting mechanism is out of the transmission chain. More particularly, “When the drive shaft 11 rotates the driven shaft 12 against a resisting load, the driven member 17 and the floating brake member 22 are each bought into a neutral or aligned position by the arm 16” and “Adjacent to the driven member 17 is a floating brake member 22 formed with a plurality of peripheral notches 23”, “The driven member 17 and the floating brake member 22 are each formed with three equally spaced opposed radial extending V-shaped depressions . . . , arranged so that they will be directly aligned”, and the brake and the release, as well as the power/the torque transmission are directly realized. The braking or relieve braking with the driving member 14 against the driven member 17 need driving power source. This structure evidently is a rigid connecting, rather than the elastic connecting. Wherein a ball retainer 29 and an antifriction ball bearing 28, and above-mentioned V-shaped inclined ramps 26 and 27 only play a role in the increasing power, and don't take part in the power/the torque transmission.

[0005] At Apr. 26, 1989, Gazette of Patent for Chinese Invention disclosed a patent entitled “Braking apparatus employing the brake force transformed from the inertial force”, with application Ser. No. 87102097. In which the braking apparatus comprises additional power producer, servo mechanism, brake mechanism, reinforcement mechanism, and the main external braking force is converted from the inertial force resulted in the retarding body in movement. This apparatus has the features of short braking time, fast release and working reliability, however additional power producer is still required to provide brake operating force in normal kinematics state, and certain amount of energy shall be consumed in the operation of additional power producer.

[0006] In view of the previous facts, the invention is the further development and major improvement of current technology including the aforesaid patent, wherein proposed an apparatus having compact structure, enables to achieve braking or release braking without additional power in normal operation or static state.

[0007] Another object of the invention lies in proposal of an apparatus that can apply, braking or release braking using emerged relative movement in the time interval after starting and ending transmission between the driving member and the driven member.

[0008] A further object of the invention lies in proposal of an apparatus achieving braking or releasing braking employing the concave-convex mating surface of the connecting mechanism between the driving member and the driven member.

CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0009] First, it shall be explained that, in order to illustrate the content of the invention concisely in convenience, the description used terminology like “driving member”, “driven member”, “a first direction movement”, “a second direction movement” etc., their implications are shown as follows.

[0010] “Driving member” and “driven member”. The driving member and driven member are not key structural elements of the brake invention, but they are the members used to connect with the brake invention in the apparatus applying the brake invention, with regard to transmission relation, the driving member is located at the driving end, and the driven member located at the driven end.

[0011] “A first direction movement”. Indicates the common movement carried out by the driving member bringing the driven member into action, and also demonstrates the common movement made by the driving member and driving block. A first direction movement is called common movement for short.

[0012] “A second direction relative displacement”. Indicates the relative displacement made by the driving block or braking part relative to the friction surface on the fixed seat, or the relative displacement of fitting or disengaging movement relative to the driven member or acting block, i. e., the relative movement displacement realizing braking or relieving braking. Therefore, a second direction relative displacement is also presented as the relative displacement of fitting or disengaging movement.

[0013] The invention provides a brake comprising a fixed seat, friction brake shoe, braking part, braking spring, acting block and driving block, wherein said acting block is connected with a driving member; said driving block is connected with said braking part; said acting block is matched to an acting face of the driving block; one end of the braking spring is connected to a driven member; the other end of the braking spring is connected to the braking part; said braking part is connected with a driven member, and connected with the friction brake shoe in a way of the fitting or disengaging; said driving block is made a fitting or disengaging movement along the radial direction of the rotating driven member, the form of the braking part is a hoof block, and is articulated on the driven member by the support pin, said driving block is fixed on the hoof block.

[0014] Said acting block and driven block have a mating structure enabling relative movement, when the driving member acquired active force or lost active force, the mating structure caused the driving block to carry out relative displacement (i. e. a second direction relative displacement) making fitting or disengaging relative movement relative to the driven member, thereby realize braking or relieve braking for the driven member;

[0015] Said connecting mechanism also comprises a limiting mechanism in use of restricting the distance of relative motion between the acting block and driving block, when braking or relieving braking is accomplished, the limiting mechanism ensure the driving member to bring the driven member into their common movement (i. e. a first direction movement).

[0016] And, in said brake, said movement taken along a first direction may be rotation.

[0017] And, in said brake, said limiting mechanism can comprise a spring hold down the acting block, to ensure after relative movement of the acting block and the driving block, they have adequate coactive force to carry out joint movement.

[0018] And, in said brake, said limiting mechanism can also comprise: A disc part connected to the driving member, the disc part is installed with many pin shafts outside its center; also comprising a disc part on said driven member, corresponding to the position of said pin shaft, many long holes are installed taken along the circular arc direction on the disc part of the driven member, said pin shaft is movable relative to the long hole herein and finally suppressed to contact certain end of the long hole.

[0019] And, in said brake, the driving member and driven member may be installed up and down, said limiting mechanism comprising a disc part connected with the driving member, many pin shafts are installed outside the center of the disc part; also comprising a disc part connected with the driven member, corresponding to the position of said pin shaft, many long holes taken along the circular arc direction are set up on the disc part connected to the driven part, said pin shaft may finally contact a certain end of the long hole.

[0020] And, in said brake, the mating structure making relative movement between the acting surfaces of said acting block and driving block is a cam mating structure and either surface of the acting surface of said acting block and the acting surface of the driving block may be a cam surface, or both the acting surfaces of said acting block and said driving block are cam surfaces, when relative rotation emerged between them, enables said driving block to produce a displacement (i. e. relative displacement of fitting or disengaging movement) taken along a second direction relative to said acting block, thereby realize braking or relieve braking.

[0021] And in said brake, can comprise a driving block making fitting or disengaging movement relative displacement (i. e. second direction relative displacement) taken along the axial direction of the rotating driven member, viz., a second direction relative displacement made by said driving block may be taken along the axial direction of the rotating driven member.

[0022] And in said brake, can comprise a driving block making fitting or disengaging movement relative displacement (i. e. second direction relative displacement) taken along the radial direction of the rotating driven member, viz., a second direction relative displacement made by said driving block may be taken along the radial direction of the rotating driven member.

[0023] And in said brake, said braking part and said disc part connected with driven member, is a whole structure merged by compensation system and sliding key, said braking part is a disc having inner gear ring, said disc part is the core enable to set up compensation system and sliding key, compensation system locates between said disc and core, sliding key brings the disc and core into their common movement (i. e. first direction movement), said compensation system comprises the notch located at the edge of the core, a tooth block having teeth in the notch and can match with said disc, and a spring located between said tooth block and the bottom of said notch.

[0024] And, in said brake, the two end faces of said acting block may be a structure mating with two driving blocks respectively. Viz., the two end faces of said acting surfaces, and use the two end faces to match with the two driving blocks simultaneously.

[0025] And, in said brake, the friction surface on said fixed seat may be a conical surface, flat surface or cylindrical surface correspondingly.

[0026] And in said brake, said first direction movement (i. e. common movement) can also be rectilinear movement, the brake comprise a driving block making a second direction relative displacement (i. e. fitting or disengaging movement relative displacement), taken along the vertical direction of the driven block making rectilinear movement, viz., a second direction relative displacement may be along the vertical direction of said driven member making rectilinear movement.

[0027] The previous program of conception and other objects and advantages will be further clarified relatively relating attached drawings for illustration of the embodiment.

[0028]FIG. 1 is a cross-section view of the first embodiment of the invention taken along the A-A line in FIG. 2, illustrating the structure of the sliding pin, sliding hole and connecting rod;

[0029]FIG. 2 is a cross-section view taken along the B-B line in FIG. 1;

[0030]FIG. 3 is an axial-section view of the force-switching mechanism;

[0031]FIG. 4 is a cross-section view taken along the G-G line in FIG. 3;

[0032]FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the concave-convex mating surface of the acting block and driving block;

[0033]FIG. 6 is cross-section view of the second embodiment of the invention taken along the C-C line in FIG. 7;

[0034]FIG. 7 is a cross-section view taken along the D-D line in FIG. 6;

[0035]FIG. 8 is a cross-section view of the compensation system taken along the E-E line in FIG. 6;

[0036]FIG. 9 is a cross-section view of the compensation system taken along the F-F line in FIG. 6;

[0037]FIG. 10 is an axial-section view of the third embodiment of the invention;

[0038]FIG. 11 is a top view of the invention applied in the reduction gear;

[0039]FIG. 12 is a cross-section view taken along the M-M line in FIG. 11;

[0040]FIG. 13 is a cross-section view taken along the N-N line in FIG. 11;

[0041]FIG. 14 is an axial-section view of the fifth embodiment of the invention;

[0042]FIG. 15 is an axial-section view of the sixth embodiment of the invention;

[0043]FIG. 16 is a cross-section view of the seventh embodiment of the invention;

[0044]FIG. 17 is a cross-section view taken along the K-K line in FIG. 16;

[0045]FIG. 18 is a cross-section view taken along the H-H line in FIG. 16;

[0046]FIG. 19 is the eighth embodiment of the invention;

[0047]FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 illustrate the first embodiment of the invention.

THE PREFERRED REALIZATION MODE OF THE INVENTION

[0048]FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 illustrate the first embodiment of the invention.

[0049] This is a normally closed brake, it comprises the fixed seat 1, the braking part 2, the tripping spring 3, the force switching mechanism 4. Moreover, there are the driven member 9, and the driving member 11. Its structure and inter-connecting relation is as follows:

[0050] The brake shoe 6 is installed on the fixed seat 1 (the two merged into a whole), the braking friction surface 8 of the braking part 2 may be a flat surface or conical surface, clutching with the friction surface of the brake shoe 6 thereby to realize or release braking. FIG. 2 shows the close contact state of the friction surface of the brake shoe 6 and the friction surface of the braking part, i. e. in braking state.

[0051] On the braking part 2, sliding hole 7 taken along the circular arc direction and the axle sleeve 10 of the driven member in use of connecting the passive driven member 9 are installed, the sliding hole 7 has certain length taken along the circular arc direction. Since the braking part 2 and the axle sleeve 10 merged into a whole, therefore when the braking part 2 and the brake shoe 6 are in braking state via close contact, braking of the passive driven member 9 is realized via axle sleeve 10, and through mating of the axle sleeve and driven member 9, the braking part 2 is taken by way of sliding along axial direction relative to the driven member 9.

[0052] One end of the connection rod is mounted on the braking part 2, the spring 3 is mounted on that end of the connecting rod, its spring force exerted on the braking part 2. When the brake is in braking state, via the action of the spring 3, the braking part 2 imposes close contact to the brake shoe 6 (the action of the brake shoe 6 and the spring 20 to be stated hereafter).

[0053] The force switching mechanism 4 comprises the acting block 13 connected with the driving member 11 and the driving block 14 secured with the braking part 2 (refer to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5). The contact surface of the acting block 13 and driving block 14 is the concave-convex mating contact surface 15 (equivalent to the driven member of the cam mechanism also having cam surface). When the driving part acquired active force, it sets the acting block into rotation, the cam segment whereupon moves towards the cam of the driving block 14 and exert a thrust on the driving block 14, brings the driving block 14 into axial movement (as shown by the arrow in FIG. 5), thereby taking the driven member 2 against the acting force of the spring 3 to move outwards, as a result, the braking friction surface of the braking part 2 to be separated from the brake shoe 6 and release braking.

[0054] The sliding pin 5 is located in the sliding hole of the braking part 2, one end is connected with the driving member 11, another end is matching with the acting block 13 of the force switching mechanism 4 (see FIG. 1). The sliding pin is movable relative to the sliding hole therein. By means of the displacement of the sliding pin 5 emerged in the sliding hole 7, set the acting block 13 into rotation, then the braking part 2 shall be driven to move via the driving block 14.

[0055] The invention relieves normally closed braking, the process taking the passive driven member 9 into normal movement is: When the driving member 11 is started by an active element like a motor and beginning to run, the driving member 11 obtained active force and then start to rotate and brings the sliding pin 5 into displacement in sliding hole 7, thus another end of the sliding pin 5 sets the acting block 13 of the force switching mechanism into rotation, then the acting block 13 exert a thrust on the driving block 14, using the driving block 14 to move braking part 2 outwards and gradually relieve braking, when the braking is not yet completely relieved, the passive driven member 9 still retain static state. When the sliding pin 5 displaced to one end of the sliding hole 7, braking is completely relieved. At present, the sliding pin 5 acts as the transmitting axis of the torque to bring the braking part 2 into rotation, then the passive driven member 9 in the axle sleeve 10 of the braking part will start normal movement. Specifically, using the lead time between the first rotation of the driving member 11 and the temporal static state of the driven member 9, through the displacement of the sliding pin 5 in the sliding hole 7, brings the acting block 13 into rotation, enables the driving block 14 to move the braking part 2 outwards and relieve braking. When the braking is completely relieved, the passive driven member run normally, the acting block 13 of the force switching mechanism turn by the action of the sliding pin 5, due to the restriction of the position of the sliding hole 7, ensure the convex segment on the acting block 13 to contact with the convex segment reliably, to retain the relieving state of braking.

[0056] The process of recovering normally closed braking state is, when braking is needed, cut off the power source of the driving component (like a motor), because of the loss in active force, the driving member 11 decelerated due to the reaction torque relative to running, then the sliding pin 5 makes a reverse displacement relative to starting in the sliding hole 7, thus brings the acting block 13 into a relevant reverse rotation, makes the convex segment of the acting block 13 to move towards the concave surface segment on the driving block 14, until the thrust between the acting block and the driving block canceled. Since the tripping spring 3 exerted on the braking part 2, therefore the braking part 2 hold down by the spring 3 to contact the brake shoe 6, a friction resistance emerged to stop the movement of the braking part 2, the passive driven member 9 connected to the braking part 2 and axle sleeve 10 retards correspondingly, i. e. realized braking.

[0057] It should be reminded that, the above-mentioned description only relates to the mating situation of an axial flank of the acting block 13 as the acting surface matching with the cam acting surface of the driving block 14, however, actually it is a mating structure of the acting block 13 fitting with the two driving blocks 14 and 18 as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 (refer to the lower part of the acting block in FIG. 5), not only the braking part 2, but also another braking part 16 exists in the structure. As a matter of fact, the braking part 16 may not be installed in this embodiment, as can be known from the previous description, generally the action of a braking part 2 is adequate, a simple plate may be replaced on the position of the braking part 16, while the other end of the connecting rod 12 may be connected to the plate. Hereafter the second embodiment of the invention shall be described in detail for the structure with the braking part 16. (Another driving block 18 contact surface 19 and the tripping spring 20 are shown in FIG. 4 as follows).

[0058] It should also be reminded that, the interconnection relation of the driven member and driving member in the embodiment is actually equivalent to an elastic coupling.

[0059] The second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 9, in which the same or similar parts in the above-mentioned embodiment are scaled out in the same labels.

[0060] A braking part 16 corresponding to the braking part 2 is installed on the other side of the brake shoe 6, and the braking friction surface of the braking part 16 corresponds to the clutching of another flank of the brake shoe 6. The another end of the acting block 13 sets up the driving block 18 corresponding to the driving block 14 (refer to FIG. 4, FIG. 5), the convex-concave contact surface 19 of the acting block 13 and the driving block 18 is symmetrical to the contact surface 15. A sliding key 17 is installed between the axle sleeve of the braking part 16 and the axle sleeve of the braking part 2, to bring the two members into their common movement and stopping simultaneously, and the two braking parts are movable relative to each other taken along the sliding key in axial direction. The two ends of the connecting rod are connected to the braking part 2 and braking part 16 respectively, the spring 3 is mounted at the end of the connecting rod 12 on the braking part 2, and the elastic force of the spring exerts on the braking part 2. A spring 20 symmetrical to the spring 3 may be mounted at another end of the connecting rod 12 (refer to FIG. 2), the spring force of the spring exerts on the braking part 16. Moreover, the other end of the connecting rod 12 can also be secured on the braking part 16, the spring 3 acts on the braking part 16 via the connecting rod 12 (see FIG. 7). Friction lining is installed on the braking friction surface of the braking part 2 and braking part 16, in order to be acted evenly, at least two sliding pins 5 and corresponding sliding holes 7 shall be installed and symmetrically uniform distributed, there are 6 sliding holes 7 on the braking part 2 of the embodiment (see FIG. 6), and there are 6 relevant sliding pins 5, in order to be evenly acted upon, at least two connecting rods 12 are used for linking braking parts shall be installed and set up in symmetric homogeneity, there are two tripping springs 3 in the embodiment, two tripping springs 20 may be used or not be installed.

[0061] The working process of releasing braking state in the second embodiment of the invention is, acting block 13 turn according to the rotation of the sliding pin 5 in the start of the driving member acquiring active force, and exerts an outward thrust on the driving block 14 and driving block 18 located at the two ends, enables the braking part 2 and braking part 16 to move outwards simultaneously to depart from the brake shoe 6, achieve the relieve of normally closed braking, and result in normal operation of the passive driven member. When the driving member lost the active force, the acting block 13 turn in opposite direction following the sliding pin 5, enables the convex surface segment of the acting block move towards the concave surface segment, cancel the thrust, the tripping spring 3 and tripping spring 20 act on the braking part 2 and braking part 16 respectively, or exert on the braking part 2 and braking part 16 by tripping spring 3 via connecting rod simultaneously, move the two braking parts inwards to make tight contact with the brake shoe 6, and recover normally closed braking state.

[0062] In the embodiment 2, both the braking part 2 and braking part 16 can also be composed by the disc 21 having internal teeth and the core 22, the braking compensation system 23 and a sliding key 24 which enables the disc and core to run and stop simultaneously are installed between the disc 21 and the core 22, the sliding key 24 is also used to ensure balance of the mounting structure of the disc taken along the core. In the embodiment, the brake compensation system on the braking part 2 and the braking part 16 is symmetrically installed. The brake shoe 6 has biplate structure, a sliding connection is achieved by the supporting shaft 30, in addition, in the biplate brake shoe 6, an intermediate inner disc 29 is also installed on the connecting rod 12 to enhance the friction force in braking. The brake compensation system is an improved gear ring structure, i. e.: Gear ring 26 is installed in the inner circle of the disc 21, the tooth block 25 is set up on the circle of the core 22 (refer to FIG. 8, FIG. 9), the tooth block 25 has external teeth mating with the gear ring 26, the outboard of each tooth is a slope, and inside is a vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft. Said gear ring 26 and the tooth block 25 may be flank matched, the spring 28 is installed in the bottom of the sliding key 24, the sliding key 24 may be adjusted by a screw, set the disc 21 and core 22 to turn taken along the thread, to carry out manual adjustment of the friction spacing. The tooth block 25 is set up in the notch 27 formed around the circular direction in the core 22, and the spring 27 a exerting on the tooth block 25 is installed in the bottom of the notch 27 (see FIG. 8). The tooth blocks 25 are set up in pairs, there are four pairs with eight blocks in total in the embodiment, in which part of them are partial evenly arranged in pairs (four pairs in the embodiment, which are not blackened in FIG. 6) in complete contact (see FIG. 8). Moreover, homogeneously arranged in pairs ( four blackened in FIG. 6) are in partial contact (see FIG. 9). Complete contact is in working state, i. e. when the core of the braking part is driven by the force switching mechanism and moves outwards, the disc is set to move outwards and relieve braking. When the thrust of the force switching mechanism is removed, the tripping spring exerted on the core, make a close contact between the disc and the brake shoe to realize braking. The tooth block having partial contact teeth shall be in compensation state, when the friction lining of the disc are worn out to a certain extent, under the action of the driving block, the core 22 makes a relative movement with respect to the disc 21 in outward movement, the tooth block 25 move downwards in the notch against the action of the spring 27 a, and the teeth on the block slip into the next gear ring of the disc, i. e. to be in complete contact turn to working state, and the tooth block originally in complete contact changed to compensation state of partial contact.

[0063] It should be emphasized that, said compensation system 23 in the embodiment 2, may be used in other brakes having disc braking parts according to its principle, like the descriptions of the embodiments 3, 4, 5, 6 hereafter.

[0064] The embodiment 3 of the invention is shown in FIG. 10. Similarly, the same or similar parts with the above-mentioned embodiments are scaled out with the same labels.

[0065]FIG. 10 is the cross section view of the axial structure of the embodiment. The embodiment is a variant based on the above-mentioned embodiment. In which the fixed seat comprises of three connecting axes 31 and two side plates 32 connected to the both ends of the three axes. Brake shoe 6 comprises of two discrete discs 33, both are secured on the connecting axle 31, braking part 2 and braking part 16 and the two discrete discs 33 are corresponding to the two discrete discs 33 of the brake shoe 6. Between the braking part 2 and braking part 16 and two discrete discs 33, the brake shoe 34 is connected on the connecting axle 31, and is movable taken along the axle; on the side face of the brake shoe 34, coaxial servo inner disc braking part 35, braking part, brake shoe and the friction surface of the servo inner disc braking part clutched in mutual one-to-one correspondence. Thus said multiplate double disc structure takes driving part 11 as intermediate wheel. In the embodiment, the intermediate wheel is the drive gear 36, installed between the two discrete discs 33, and suited on the axle 37. The axle 37 is the passive driven member 9, and plays a part in connection as the connecting rod 12 of the braking part. The sliding pin 5 threaded the drive gear 36, brake shoes 2, 16 and the servo inner disc braking part 35, its both ends are located in the sliding holes of the braking part 2 and braking part 16 respectively. The sliding hole 7 may also be modified to fit in coupling with the sliding pin 5, and set up sliding hole 7 on the drive gear 36. The spring 3 and the spring 20 are mounted on the both ends of the axle 37; the acting block 13 in the force switching mechanism is a two block discrete part, connected to the two end faces of the drive gear 36 respectively. When the driving block 14 and driving block 18 exert driving thrust on the braking part 2 and braking part 16, the two braking parts 2 and 16 overcome the acting forces of the tripping springs 3 a and 20 a to move outboard, enables the brake shoe 34, servo inner disc braking part 35 to be in a loosen condition without pressure and relieved braking. When the thrust of the driving blocks 14 and 18 canceled, the action comes from the two tripping springs, the braking parts 2 and 16 exert pressure on the servo inner disc braking part 35 and the brake shoe 34, brings them to move inwards, until making mutual close contact and achieve braking.

[0066] When the brake release in the embodiment 3, if the acting forces of the tripping springs 3 a and 20 a are adequate, then the braking parts 2, 16 may be restricted to move in a limiting range, and may also be restricted in position via setting up circles 39, enable them to make limited movement, and ensure the concave-convex surface of the acting block 13 not to pass the convex concave surface of the driving block 14. No sliding pins and sliding holes are needed to set up in this type of structure, and direct force transmissions are carried out by the acting block 13 and the driving block 14. Same as the description of the embodiment 1, only the braking part 2 and no braking part 16 is installed.

[0067] The fourth embodiment is shown in FIG. 11-FIG. 13, in which the same or similar parts in the above-mentioned embodiment are scaled out with the same labels.

[0068] This embodiment is the living example of the application of the embodiment 3 in reduction gears, relevant connecting mechanism refers to FIG. 11 to FIG. 13. The two side plates 32 are connected to the two in walls of the reduction gear box respectively, transmission gear 36, i. e. the driving member, is engaged with the fore drive gear 38, and the passive driven member is the output transmission shaft 37. Concerning the connecting axle 31, the discrete disc 33 and the brake 34 in the drawings are the same with the embodiment 3, and shall not repeat herein.

[0069] The fifth embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 14, in which the same or similar parts with the above-mentioned embodiments are scaled out with the same labels.

[0070] In the embodiment 5, both friction surfaces of the braking part 2 and the fixed seat 1 are conical surfaces.

[0071] The fixed seat 1 is directly secured on the casing (outer shell) of the driven member 40, the braking part 2 having conical friction surface comprising the conical disc 21 and core 22, adopt the same compensation system with the embodiment 2, i. e. the improved gear ring structure (not shown in the figure), one end of the connecting rod 12 linked on an internal dead plate 41, a bearing 42 is mounted between the force switching mechanism 4 and the internal dead plate 41 to reduce the friction force of the force switching mechanism. The remaining members comprise the driving member 11, driven member 9, sliding pin 5 and the spring 3, it is unnecessary to go into details.

[0072] The sixth embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 15, in which the same or similar parts are sectioned out in the same labels.

[0073] In this embodiment, using the gravity force of the driving member 11 and the driven member 9 (indicates the vertical installation with the driving member on the top) are taken as the acting force and braking force to restrict the limiting displacement of the force switching mechanism, and no connecting rod is needed. The fixed seat is also taken as the coupling member of the upper driving member casing 43, and the lower driven member casing 44, a bearing 42 is mounted between the force switching mechanism 4 and the thrust plate 45, meanwhile a bearing 46 is mounted between the driving member and driven member to reduce friction force. The braking part 2 also comprises the disc 21 and the core 22, the above-mentioned compensation system may be adopted between the disc 21 and the core 22, or employing direct thread mating and set up the key 47 and the spring 48. A screw 49 is installed on the key slot position of the disc 21, when the friction part is worn out, the key 47 is pushed up to the rotatable position by the screw 49, thus the friction gap can be adjusted.

[0074] The seventh embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 16-FIG. 18. In that embodiment, the same or similar parts in action are scaled out with the same labels.

[0075] The structure of this embodiment is different from the above-mentioned embodiment, in which the force switching mechanism transformed the active force into radial force against the brake acting force of the spring to relieve braking. The fixed seat 1 may be secured on the casing of the driven member, and enabled to be secured on other positions. The inside of the fixed seat 1 plays a part in the brake shoe, and labeled 6 a in the diagram. The cylindrical surface on the brake shoe 6 a is a braking friction surface, called the braking cylindrical surface 50, the form of the braking part is a hoof block 2 a, and is articulated on the driven member 9 by the support pin 51. The action of the acting block 13 a in the radial force switching mechanism 4 a is served by the front end of the sliding pin 5 a. The acting surface of the driving block 14 a is the mating surface 53 herein, and is directly secured on the hoof block 2 a, the driving block 14 a and the hoof block 2 a may also merge into a whole, which is the situation in this embodiment. In order to reduce the driving friction of the sliding pin 5 a, a rolling element is installed at the front end of 5 a. In order to avoid producing radial component force between the driving member 11 and driven member 9, the radial force switching mechanism 4 a is preferred to be evenly arranged relative to the center of movement of the moving body. Two part symmetric distribution is adopted in this embodiment. When the driving member acquired active force brings the sliding pin 5 a into movement, on which the rolling element suppress the mating surface (see FIG. 16), producing downward radial component force against the acting force of the spring 3 a, enables the brake hoof shoe 2 a to move inwards taken along radial direction, and release the braking of the braking cylindrical surface, the driving member 11 and the driven member 9 run into normal operation. When the driving part 11 lost the active force, the sliding pin 5 a make a reverse movement relative to the mating surface 53, and recover braking under the action of the acting force of the spring 3 a.

[0076] The eighth embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 19, in which the driving member brings the driven member into rectilinear movement (i. e. the axial movement of left and right directions in the diagram).

[0077] As shown in FIG. 19, the braking part 2 and the driving block 14 merged into a whole, the two braking parts 2 locate in the notch of the two side boards of the driven member 9 respectively, the acting block locates in the notch between the braking part 2 and the driving block 14, the slope of the driving block 14 fit with the slope of the acting block 13, both ends of the spring 3 connect with the inner end of the driving block 14, the friction lining on the outboard side of the braking part 2 clutch with the braking friction surface of the fixed seat 1. When the driving member 11 acquired active force and make rectilinear movement, due to the slope action of the acting block 13, enables the driving block 14 to hold down the spring 3 and move inwards, causes the braking part 2 and the braking friction surface to separate, thereby relieves braking for the driven member 9, and the driven member 9 moves following the driving member 11. When the driving member 11 lost the active force, the spring 3 come into action, the acting block 13 and the braking part 2 merge into a whole to move from inside to outboard, the braking part 2 contact with the braking friction surface and achieve braking for the driven member 9.

[0078] The brake in the invention established force switching mechanism in lo said various relevant structures in the embodiment, using the active force of the driving member against the brake acting force to relieve braking, enables the passive driven member and the driving member to retain normal operation.

[0079] In comparison of existing technologies, the brake of the invention has significant substantial features, no additional power setting need to be installed, and the structure is simple, in normal operation process, it is energy saving, reliable in braking, and has extensive range in application. Especially when it is used in mine equipments having explosion-proof requirements, since no additional power setting (like electromagnet etc.) is needed, the work is completely safe and reliable.

[0080] The brake of the invention shall have vast application vistas in mining, metallurgical, lifting, architectural and general machinery equipments. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A brake comprising a fixed seat (1). friction brake shoe (6 a), braking part (2 a), braking spring (3 a), acting block (13 a) and driving block (14 a), characterized in that: {circle over (1)} said acting block (13 a) is connected with a driving member (11), {circle over (2)} said driving block (14 a) is connected with said braking part (2 a), {circle over (3)} said acting block (13 a) is matched to an acting face of the driving block (14 a), {circle over (4)} one end of the braking spring (3 a) is connected to a driven member (9), {circle over (5)} the other end of the braking spring (3 a) is connected to the braking part (2 a), {circle over (6)} said braking part (2 a) is connected with a driven member (9), and connected with the friction brake shoe (6 a) in a way of the fitting or disengaging, {circle over (7)} said driving block (14 a) is made a fitting or disengaging movement along the radial direction of the rotating driven member (9), the form of the braking part (2 a) is a hoof block, and is articulated on the driven member (9) by the support pin (51), said driving block (14 a) is fixed on the hoof block.
 2. A brake according to claim 1, characterized in that said driving blocks (14 a) is even arrangement, while said acting block (13 a) is served by the front end of the sliding pin (5 a), and a rolling part (52) is installed.
 3. A brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving block (14 a) is made a fitting or disengaging along a vertical direction of the movement of the driven member (9).
 4. A brake according to claim 1, characterized in that said braking part (2 a) comprises two disc parts, and an intermediate inner disc (29) is provided between friction faces, a sliding connection is achieved between the brake shoe (6 a) and a supporting axis (30), said supporting axis (30) is fixedly connected with said fixed seat (1).
 5. A brake according to claim 4, characterized in that said acting block (13 a) is connected with the driving member (11) via a drive gear (36).
 6. A brake according to claim 4, characterized in that any one of two disc parts comprising said braking part (2 a) is dead connected to the driven member (9).
 7. A brake according to claim 4, characterized in that said braking part (2 a) and a disc part connecting to the driven member (9) be joined into an integrative structure via a compensation system (23) and a sliding key (24); a spring (28) is connected to the bottom of a sliding key (24); said braking part (2 a) is a disc (21) having inner gear ring; said disc part is a core (22) enabling to set up a compensation system and a sliding key, said compensation system comprising of a notch (27) located at the edge of the core (22), a tooth block (25) having teeth located in the notch and enables to match with said disc, and a spring (27 a) located between said tooth block and the bottom of said notch.
 8. A brake according to claim 1, characterized in that one end face of said acting block (13 a) as acting face is matched to said driving block(14 a), and another end face of it is matched with a bearing (42).
 9. A brake according to claim 8, characterized in that further comprise a connecting rod (12), and one end of said connecting rod (12) is linked on an internal dead plate (41).
 10. A brake according to claim 8, characterized in that said braking part (2 a) and the axle sleeve (10) of said driven member (9) is merged into an integrative structure.
 11. A brake according to claim 8, characterized in that a sliding key (17) is installed between the axle sleeve of a braking part (16) and the axle sleeve of the braking part (2 a).
 12. A brake according claim 8, characterized in that said braking part (2 a) and a disc part connecting to the driven member (9) be joined into an integrative structure via a compensation system (23) and a sliding key (24); a spring (28) is connected to the bottom of a sliding key (24); said braking part (2 a) is a disc (21) having inner gear ring; said disc part is a core (22) enabling to set up a compensation system and a sliding key, said compensation system comprising of a notch (27) located at the edge of the core (22), a tooth block (25) having teeth located in the notch and enables to match with said disc, and a spring (27 a) located between said tooth block and the bottom of said notch. 